Pokemon type weakness/resistance clarification!

[Udders]

I don't even care about the common types like water or electric. The thing I am talking about is the kinda supernatural types like psychic, dark, ghost and fairies. I have some theories of my own but I would like if you gave feedback. Also, don't use vague explanations like 'dark pokemon are weak to bugs, because dark pokemon represent darkness and bugs thrive in it'. NO! NO. I don't care what they represent. I want a more realistic approach to it.

Why the hell are dark types weak to bugs you ask? Maybe because dark Pokemon are evil, demonic beings that like tricking and causing havoc, terror. They are beings of the darkness, their demonic nature is cruel and merciless. They are all about terrorizing the opponent, wrecking his sanity and soul. Now, since bugs are so simple minded they don't give a shit about those dark, evil entities cause they don't even grasp the idea of evil and darkness and they can't get tricked either. They are like mindless killing machines. For example, humans can scare away others with words but they can't scare away a dog with threats. See? Demons have no power on bugs because they can't get terrorized and they just attack them and destroy them.


Now, Dark types are strong against Psychics because Psychics are very intelligent and use supernatural powers. They have a link with the supernatural world, so demons can easily attack them. It's like a medium trying to fight of a demon. He can't. A demon is much more powerful and sly than someone with psychic powers. It can trick and deceive a psychic. Also, since dark types are terrifying and cause chaos, confusion and terror to their opponents using their dark powers, Psychics can't concentrate to master their powers thus they are immune to them.

Dark is also strong versus ghosts because ghosts are just spirits. Dark pokemon are demons though. Demons are much more powerful than the dead, they can easily destroy the soul so they beat ghosts easily. Demons > ghosts. Simple.

Now, Psychics are also weak to ghosts because ghosts are horrifying so they scare the shit out of psychics and they can't concentrate. Psychic pokemon use their mind power above all so when they can't concentrate to master their telekinetic powers they are weak. Thats why they are also weak to bugs. Because bugs are creepy and they freak them out. It's like the common phobias of humans.

Now the more complicated is :

Fighting Pokemon are creatures of great courage and they are beings of justice, righteousness, honor. That's why they beat dark pokemon. Because, they fight darkness, deceive and evil with justice and they are so strong willed and courageous that demons and dark entities can't control them and terrorize them. They destroy those evil creatures because Dark Pkmn are only strong when the opponent is controlled through terror, panic, confusion and tricks that they can so well pull off. Since, fighters have such strong spirits and minds they can't get tricked and scared by them, thus they can fight them under the light of justice. Good > evil. Like, dark can't trick and fight dirty against them so they are forced to fight them in close combat thus they lose. Now, they could easily be called Justice Type or Light Type because why are martial arts so important?


Fighters lose to psychic? The good, courageous beings of justice that beat evil demons get wrecked by mediums? It doesn't link very well. I think it's purely because fighting types are experts at close range fighting while psychics attack from afar, so they can't attack them because they control them with telekinesis from a distance. Though this only explains why Psychic is resistant to Fighting. But, why is Fighting weak to Psychic? Maybe, since fighters are intelligent being too, Psychics mess with their brain using telepathy to scare them out of their mind.

Now, Fairies. What are fairies? Why are fairies strong against both DARK = EVIL and FIGHTING = GOOD ??? This is kinda messed up. Like, Fairies are supposed to be beings of light. They are angelic, divine, sacred and magical. That's why the sacred fairies beat dark beings, because they are holy and use their divine, light magic to destroy darkness and evil. Dark types are scared of them(because of their holy nature) thus they can't attack with full force too.
Okay, now, why are fairies, the good, sacred light beings strong against the good, judicial and honorable fighters? I don't know. Maybe because Fairies can change their nature and suddenly they can also become more tricky, rough and naughty and thus they can win against those hulking beasts.
Also, about dragons. Maybe fairies can use their special, mystical fairy magic to bring down the mighty beasts.


What do you think about those?

Also, are fighting pokemon supposed to represent good beings of justice and honor or brutal, powerful fighters that use sheer force and violence to destroy enemies. Because, if they are about brutality, violence and beatings they are closer to the dark type while if they are supposed to be judicial and honorable and good then I can't really see how fairies can beat them.

Clear this up for me please.

 

[Tensano]

I would like to add-
It doesn't matter how good of a fighter you are, you are at a disadvatage if your opponent can make you punch yourself in the face. :D
That is why psychic beats fighting.

 

[Mister Coffee]

Okay... so I have an incredibly ludicrously long answer for this thread, I'm seriously putting all pokemon knowledge I've acquired over time in order to write this out. It's going to take me some time though, so I'm using this post to mark a spot for me.

I seriously find this topic fascinating, and this post will be relevant to the thread soon.

Edit Part 1:
So as weird as this is probably going to sound... the games don't really explain anything at all about aesthetic background information behind typing, so I would actually suggest either watch the pokemon cartoons or read the pokemon manga, since they probably have more information about the justification of the types through pokemon lore then the games ever truly have had.
I'm sorry to say that I actually can not personally give you any information from either of those types of pokemon media since I actually do not watch or read either. It's possible some fans of either the cartoons or the manga might be able to shed a bit more light on the subject, but here's what I will do, I'm willing to give my own personal interpretation of the aesthetics behind each of the typings, since I have never personally had any qualms from the justification of the type charts weaknesses and resistances. So I'm going to just list every single type and justify each neutrality, weakness, and resistance with my own personal opinion of what Game Freak's logic was behind designing each type the way they did.


Also a word warning to those who attempt to read this, it's seriously impossible for me to tl;dr any of what I wrote, the OP asked a very complicated question with many very complicated answers, and although I'm trying to answer his question as best as I can, it requires a lot of explanation, due to the OP asking for examples and "attempted" aesthetic logic behind the justification of each typing. This is my attempt to make as much sense of all of it as I possibly can based on the relatively vague amount of information actually provided to us by Game Freak. A large majority (outside of logical typings) of what I wrote is an interpretation of the aesthetic purposes of each type based solely on my opinions and not of any actual pokemon based material or information other than the limited amount of information provided to me from the websites "Bulbapedia" and "Serebii". You've been warned, read on if you dare.


Normal:

Spoiler:

So Normal first off, aesthetically, has in my opinion always represented to me a typing built around a "Human Factor" and/or "Adaptability". The type of Normal is the population of pokemon that are considered to be a highly adaptive and more or less dominating population (invasive?) that has also developed a close link towards human society due to this type of pokemon's ability to live comfortably within human societies or often even considered to be easily domesticated pokemon. It is also my belief that morst Normal types have learned to adapt perfect into human societies so well that their neutrality, immunity, weaknesses, and lack of resistance of any kind are meant to reflect the habits and lifestyles of growth within dense human populations. I also believe that their incredibly large and diverse move pool is meant to reflect the concept of Normal typed pokemon having adapted to Human influence and how our knowledge about pokemon has affected their ability to learn and grow.
The neutrality and lack of resistance of Normal pokemon across all types except two types, I believe is meant to reflect human nature as well. We as humans react to all of those types of things in more or less the same manner, all of those things will kill us eventually or quickly depending on how much any one thing is used for the purpose of damaging our selves, but not one thing will kill us any much faster than the other under natural conditions. The lack of resistances has always provided Normal typed pokemon with a sense of "mortality", to reflect human nature, we ourselves are not super human and can not gain much of any advantage against any of the natural or mystical elements, we are only human, with that in mind, normal pokemon succumb to all natural elements known within the pokemon world, except for one. The immunity to Ghost type, as I have attempted to interpret it, represents how within a human domesticated environment, both Normal and Ghost type can not properly affect each other one's reality properly. I know this is going to sound a bit convoluted maybe even a stretch... Immortal Ghost pokemon were not meant to meddle in the lives of the Mortal Normal pokemon, and vice versa. All the other typings can affect and be affected by Ghost pokemon due to their elemental and/or mystical properties (wow this is harder to explain than I originally thought), and Normal pokemon are affected by other types due to their natural and/or physical properties. The Ghost type understand only in the elemental and mystical, the Normal type understand only in the natural and physical. They are practically an entire dimension apart, therefore they can not affect one another within battle. As for the weakness of Fighting, I thought it was interesting when you explained your opinion of the Fighting type as being a representation of "Heroism", I actually disagree with that notion and personally believe that the Fight type represents a general perspective of "Active aggression" or an "Aggressive lifestyle". Remember, pokemon are not natural heroes nor villains, or any abstract human concept or metaphor (although sometimes the creatures are physical representations of those things, they are still wild animals with wild animal instincts... or in this case wild pokemon instincts) of that kind, they're beasts that are adapted into specific niche lifestyles which distinguish them into a label based type system, imagine it like classifying varying animal species. I explain this because, when comparing the Normal type of pokemon to the human environments that they survive in, they take on Human influenced weakness. The Human race's greatest downfall and weakness is active aggression towards one another. When we fight ourselves we inflict our weakness on one another. In this aspect, Fighting is an act of active aggression towards people, and with the Normal taking on human environment adaptation, they are also weak towards a pokemon that is an actively and naturally aggressive Fight type.

Fire:

Spoiler:

(Oh thank god... an easy one. Trying to interpret my understanding of how Normal pokemon work aesthetically in the type chart was really hard to present in writing like that.) So Fire is relatively easy to understand most of the concepts behind what it is neutral, resistant, and weak to are mostly based on our every day understanding how fire works. So let me just breeze right through these. Fire is neutral to Normal, as I said with Normal before it can take on all of the natural and physical elements within the pokemon world as with the perspective of a Human, which means it can affect Fire over time, but does not really change any of the properties of Fire. Fire is neutral to Electric, electricity can be used to affect fire over time but it neither enhances nor really changes any of the actual properties of Fire, makes sense. Fire is neutral to Fight and logically so, Fight can deal with a fire over time, but it once again does not really change any of Fire's properties. Poison is basically the same, Poison cant exactly change any of the properties of Fire, neutrality makes sense. Flying makes sense for neutrality, especially considering a good air fluctuation would actually keep a fire alive relatively well. Neutrality on Psychic, makes sense since psychic energies don't really have any properties that would affect Fire any different from just about any other typing. Neutrality for Ghost seems logical, Ghost's can't change the properties of Fire. Neutrality to Dragon's, same with how Dragons can't change the properties of Fire. Dark is also the same with the other neutralities. All of these type neutralities make sense since none of these things can chang fire on a molecular level.
Alright lets move into some resistances and figure out what allows Fire to resist anything. Fire resists Fire... huh... next. Fire resists Grass, generally anything that is a representation of plant life is weak to fire and also can not do very much to withstand Fire, it's an obvious fact that Grass is simply inflammable and would not be very effective in putting out a Fire. Fire resists Ice, simple it would just melt the Ice, and remember it's an Ice pokemon, not a Water type, even if it did melt, it wouldn't be able to manipulate that water unless typed accordingly so. Bug's just don't like fire, it makes sense in a pretty interesting way that is different than say just about any other living creature, Bug's when affected by an increased amount of heat, before combustion, are often found to have their internal organs and flesh cooked from inside before ignition due to their hard bodied exoskeletons acting like an oven when over heated, so logically so bugs would really prefer to stay away from fire and have no means of properly affecting it in any fashion. Fire is resistant to Steel, because we already know that every metal has a melting point. Fire will just melt down the Steel and not change any of the properties of the Fire, plus Fire can naturally warp metal with little to no effort, simply by heating up the temperature around it. Here is an interesting resistance, Fairy type. I've actually got some interesting theories on the whole of Fairy type, but we'll get to that later. However, I will say this right here, Fairy type to me, represents more than just "Faeries", the Fairy type represents Magic, abstract Magic although Magic can manipulate fire, it can not change it nor affect it. Magic within its own rights can not simply extinguish fire, there needs to be another element manipulated by the magic in order to affect fire. We could even possibly assume, since Fire is a source of energy and Magic is more or less an abstract form of energy, the idea of the two different types of energy would most likely clash and not change all that much, I mean we can only speculate so far since we have no idea how to judge Magic or Fairies in any sense since they do not actually exist (I also feel the need to explain, that although Electricity is a source of energy, it is still made from energy that conducts heat which would still make sense with the neutrality between one another).
Weaknesses of Fire, these are all pretty obvious, based on our realistic knowledge of the properties of Fire and how its molecular structure acts. Fire is weak to Water, plain and simple, Water deprives oxygen from from Fire, it is literally changing the physical composition of Fire on a molecular level, which in turn extinguishes the flame, pretty simple whether you understand the science of it or not. Fire is weak to ground, also very simple, dirt can condense very efficiently and and snuff out a flame in a very short amount of time by depriving it of oxygen, not so much molecular as just depriving the flame of its energy source, oxygen. Rock type, although Game Freak pushed this weakness a little far, it's basically the same idea as covering a flame in dirt, rocks have a naturally high heat resistance, and with enough of them condensed into a small area, it will most likely contain and also snuff out a flame the same way the dirt would.
So Fire is pretty simple to understand, I had to go out on a limb with Fairy, but every single time I explain Fairy, it's going to be really weird and out there because it's Magic and we have to just accept Magic, because Magic does whatever Magic feels like doing... sort of.

Water:

Spoiler:

Yay, my favorite type. Alright Water is pretty easy to understand, just like most of the obvious types, but I'm going to go over them anyways, because I know I'm going to have to explain something weird which will probably be a neutrality or a resistance, those tend to be the toughest to explain. So lets begin with neutralities.
Water is neutral to Normal. As I've said, Normal are able to manipulate and understand the natural elements of their world, but not able to on their own change properties of other types, therefore Water is neutral to Normal. Fight is a lot like Normal, unable to change any properties, moving on. Poison, Ground, Flying, Psychic, Bug, Rock, Ghost, Dragon, Dark, and Fairy, all of these types have no capabilities to change any of the properties of Water (however that is sort of debatable since all living creatures need to consume water to survive, but they really had to draw the limit somewhere and it's relatively understandable, I guess it makes sense though since none of those types are specially designed to consume copious amounts of water, plus... Water pokemon can't really be consumed like you would water).
Lets move on to resistances. Water resists Fire, we covered this in Fire's weakness explanation, it would essentially be very hard for a Flame to stay lit when it needs oxygen to create enough energy to survive, versus water which needs no such thing in order to give Fire a rough time, therefore it resists Fire. Water resisting Water, this is very similar to the obvious of Fire resisting Fire, however I obviously didn't clarify it when talking about it in Fire, so let me do it here, using an element to affect the same kind of element is not very sensible, Fire a plasma, and Water a liquid, don't quite have the proper physical properties to actually change themselves other than to just add more of what they really are since Fire and Water have a collective molecular structure rather than distinctive solid properties, bring two flames together now you have one large flame, pour a half glass of water into another half glass of water and now you have a full glass of water, thus these same typed resistances make perfect sense to me. Water is resistant to Ice, so this one is in my opinion a really interesting resistance, simply because this actually brings Ice's weakness to Fire into an interesting light. An Ice type pokemon, is only alive and distinguishable as a living pokemon so long as it is solid and able to retain its temperature, when it melts it is not capable of survival because it is not a water type pokemon, however... Water is still water when it is frozen, in pokemon logic Water pokemon can survive as any consistency of Water (this also can help explain a bit more into the fire resistance since at that point the water would be come steam which is still water but in a gaseous form) even if frozen solid, but Ice pokemon can only maintain a conscious state so long as they remain a solid form of water, implying it's not the molecular structure of Ice types that spawns the pokemon, but most likely the actual temperature in which it maintains its solid form at. Since Water is still Water when it is frozen it would make sense that the temperature would not affect a Water pokemon under any condition, thus the resistance to Ice type. Last resistance for Water type is Steel, this one is also interesting because this is about the properties of Water and Steel and how they both affect one another over a long period of time. So Steel is neutral to Water, but Water is resistant to Steel, this makes sense in that Steel will eventually rust when affected by water, however, Steel has no overall effect over Water in any fashion since Water is not an environment in which Steel could naturally survive in. I will admit this particular resistance is a bit of a stretch, but it really does not seem too far off to me.
Next is Water weaknesses, and there are only two, Electric and Grass. Both make a lot of sense. For Electric, we all know that Water conducts Electricity, it literally changes the molecular structure of water for so long as there is an active current running through the water. Electircity can easily fry any form of life that might be lurking in Water, so this weakness makes perfect sense. The last one is Grass, so this weakness is about adaptation, plants have been known to comfortably live around and completely submerged in water, and every plant needs a source of water in order to survive. Plants convert all water they absorb into a resource in which they use constantly, and although you can drown a plant, it takes much more effort than it would require on any other living creature, and if the plant is in fact aquatic, then there is no problem. Water type doesn't stand a chance against a thirsty Grass type.

Electricity:

Spoiler:

Electricity is another easy one (I like the easy ones). It would actually be easier for me to list off all of the types that Electric type is not neutral to rather than go deep into detail with it, since we already know that neutrality just means that the type of topic will be affected by the neutral types over time, but not towards a significant value as the resistances and weaknesses. Electrictiy is neutral to Normal, Fire, Water, Grass, Ice, Fight, Posion, Psychic, Bug, Rock, Ghost, Dragon, Dark, and Fairy.
The interesting stuff always starts with the resistances. Electrictiy is resistant to Electricity, so is this still not clear enough based on what I said about Fire and Water? It's much of the same, throw energy at energy and you get... more energy, the energy's consistency has not changed, you just have a larger amount of it, therefore the resistance is justified. Flying is an interesting one, I actually believed the inspiration for this resistance as well as weakness on the opposing type, was sparked (pun intended) by the existence of lighting. When a bolt of lighting escapes from the clouds and is headed towards the ground, I would think that a flying object which is much closer to the clouds would have a higher possibility of being struck by said lighting. I also believe that it also has something to do with the fact that a flying foe would suffer from much more damage if struck by lighting and while in shock fell towards the ground. I believe that the resistance is justified by the fact that electricity can travel through the air from one point of conductivity to another making its ability to strike a foe in the air rather proficient then say an element that would have weight and would need to be launched in order to travel through the air. The last resistance for the Electric type is Steel. This makes a lot of sense with little to no explanation really required, metal is very conductive for electricity and can even store it for incredibly long periods of time. Electricity's resistance to Steel type would make sense since it would probably be pretty pointless to hit an electrical object with metal which could transfer the shock throughout the metal object anyways.
So now we move on to weaknesses, which there is only one, but it is a big weakness to have as well as a very sensible weakness on top of that. Electric type is weak to Ground type. The grounding of an electrical circuit is something we all know pretty well almost as well as knowing that Water puts out Fire. Electricity does not affect grounded objects due to the fact that when electricity hits a grounded area the electrons within the electric energy are transferred and dispersed across the grounded plane in which it strikes which in turn disperses the electrical charge. Simple science is all it is, thus the weakness makes a lot of sense. Well Electric type was easy enough to explain, I thought so anyways, the resistances and weaknesses make a tone of sense for the Electric type.

Grass:

Spoiler:

Grass seems to be a pretty straight forward type to understand, thought it does throw a few curve balls with one of the resistances and a couple of the weaknesses. Grass is a pretty straightforward typing that mostly is given to pokemon that are mainly supposed to represent plants, although for a few grass pokemon in particular which are not specifically plant like but have a more apparent connection with natural life and growth, Grass types can be understood as representaions of natural growth which helps make some specific parts of the type chart make a little more sense for this typing.
The neutral types against Grass type include, Normal, Fight, Psychic, Rock, Ghost, Dragon, Dark, Steel, and Fairy. Most of the neutral types make a lot of sense, since none of the neutral types can actively change how a Grass type pokemon would survive nor hinder its growth. It seems interesting however that Rock type would deal neutral damage towards a Grass type despite Rock's sensible weakness to the Grass type, still not to far of a stretch since a Rock type would be able to smash down a plant just as efficiently as any of the other neutral types, and would possibly require much more effort on the part of a plant to be able to survive a savage beating from large rocks. The resistances for the Grass type are all sensible excluding one that requires a bit more thought. The first resistance, Water type makes perfect sense, as we already know the plants can survive in copious amounts of water before drowning, and some even just survive completely submerged in water all on their own. Water is an important source of sustenance to plants, and being able to take in an incredible amount of water in one go is obviously as we know from most studies in plants is really not abnormal in the least. The second type resistance is actually probably the most interesting one and the resistance that requires a little bit more thought into, Electric type. So the Electric resistance actually makes an incredible amount of sense for one main reason, and it's actually more or less the same reason why Ground is completely immune to Electric type. Many large plants (mostly trees) are actually natural lighting rods because they are grounded. When electricity is passing from point A to point B (Cloud to Ground), electricity will naturally take the path of least resistance and ease. Despite the fact that it is well known fear that most trees would combust after being struck by lightning, that is actually not the case at all. For a plant such as a tree to be ignited from a lighting strike, it would require that the struck plant is in fact capable of igniting, which would often require a tree to either be very dry or most likely already close to death. Many plants that are commonly struck by lighting actually let the electricity pass through them with little to no problems, or in some extremely rare cases, have been known to capture the electricty and store it within themselves until the plant can either no longer hold the electricity any longer, or are affected in a way that releases the energy caused by an outside factor, and in some cases of this type of event being recorded, the trees can in some cases spontaneously combust. A large portion of the time however the electricity simply passes through the plant and into the earth with little to know issue, thus a resistance to electricity surprisingly makes quite a bit of sense for the Grass type. The next resistance is in my opinion a pretty interesting resistance as well, Grass is resistant to Grass. This resistance works differently then the other previous same type resistances. Rather than energy combining to make more energy, you're actually looking at an explanation out of natural competition. Plants in real life are naturally competitive, in the sense that all plants live by a natural code of adaptation and survival of the fittest. Plants (if observed and studied carefully enough) are extremely aggressive against other plants. The tallest trees are the tallest trees because they grow to be taller than the other trees for the purpose of having a greater advantage of absorbing sunlight for photosynthesis. Plants will even outright destroy one another for the purpose of propagating their own species while simultaneously stomping out another plant species within its relative area. There are many examples of plants that do this, with one of my personal favorite two examples being the "Camphor" and "Eucalyptus" trees. These trees are designed with very similar growth and invasive population patterns, the strong scent that emanates from the wax and sap that these two trees are incredibly famous for, actually serve a rather malicious purpose within the plant world, the molecules of contained within the scents that originate from the wax of these trees, is in fact a natural biological weapon against other plants, which the two trees use to jam and interrupt the pollination and growth of other plants. They can literally end an entire generation of plant life just by secreting these scents naturally. However, in turn of this, there are also many plants who have come to term with the fact that there are plants that are naturally aggressive and have had to learn to adapt and protect their rate of survival against other naturally aggressive plants. Part of survival in the plant world, is to the ability to "resist" the invasive tendencies of other plants as well. Interestingly enough, "Camphor" and "Eucalyptus" are two completely different species of tree that happen to have more or less taken on an incredibly similar evolutionary path, which in turn makes them "resist" one another invasive intoxicating scent, they have grown to "resist" one another. This makes the Grass resistance to Grass not only sensible but rather intriguing when contemplated. The last resistance is very straight forward, Grass resists Ground type. Plants grow in the ground, it is their natural survivable turf. They absorb most of their nutrients from the ground and commonly can not live with out it, if you throw dirt on a healthy plant in order to bury it, nine times out of ten, it's just going to bust through that burial and continue to endure more so now that it might even have fresh oxygenated soil in which to gather nutrients from. Obvious resistance is obvious.
Moving on to weaknesses, which include, Fire, Ice, Poison, Bug, and Flying. Fire is an obvious one, Plants are extremely susceptible to fire. The cellular structure of a plant is extremely sensitive to radical changes in temperature, and although it's obvious that most living creatures can be killed with Fire, it is dangerous to plants because their heat sensitivity is much lower than just about any other living organism, this is with knowing that there are many plants that can not grow in specific environments simply due to how intense the heat (or cold, which actually covers Ice type as well) may be, and plants will show in a very short amount of time how much heat damage they have sustained by wilting, changing color, and even will show growth regression from the afflicted area. I'm going to go ahead and throw in a few words about the Ice type weakness since it is more or less built on the same concepts of the weakness to Fire types. Plants are, as I said, extremely sensitive to temperature changes, and when it is cold enough a plant will (although will not die off immediately) regress its growth into its root system and will hibernate/inactive until the temperature is in a condition in which it can grow properly once more (obviously some plants take to cold better than others, but they are "relatively" few), however upon actual below freezing temperatures, a plants cellular structure weakens and often can rot away in a short amount of time. The weaknesses, Fire and Ice, simply make the most sense for Grass type. The weakness to the Poison type is relatively easy to figure out, with the fact that plants are more susceptible to cellular damage then most other types of flesh, it would make sense that a poison introduced into a plant would be able to cause irreparable damage in an incredibly short amount of time. It is very common for trees and plants to become "sick" with a poison of some kind that could cause the plant to degenerate and eventually rot in place assuming that the poison it has contracted can not be naturally mended by either the plant itself or from outside sources within the plant's environment. The Bug and Flying type weaknesses are rather sensible, not even all that hard to explain. Many creatures that fly or are insects, are commonly herbivores (with a few exceptions obviously... well actually a lot of bugs are omnivorous, but it really depends), that will survive completely from feeding off of plants and nesting within them. There are multiple species of birds as well as insects that have also been labeled as invasive and unwanted because of their ability to swarm and destroy indigenous plant life and can interrupt ecological balances within certain natural environments where specific species of plants can survive only with in that specific environment. In the end, all of the aspects of Grass type across the type chart make a large amount of sense. (I'll admit, I spent a little more time explaining Grass type, simply because plants are actually very fascinating to me, studying and observing plants is actually a hobby of mine)

Ice:

Spoiler:

Ice as a type in my opinion is actually pretty fascinating mostly because of the implied significant differences between it and the Water type. A Water type can resist an Ice attack due to the fact that as a life form that is designed to survive many varying temperatures of water, it would make a whole lot of sense that it could withstand water temperatures of below freezing. However with Ice type, it has been made relatively clear that it is not the Water nor the moisture that sustains its survival, but quite literally the temperatures. So it is to my belief that when considering the Ice types placement within the logic of the type chart, you must be able to think of it as a physical manifestation of temperature rather than of frozen Water. So lets look at the neutrality of Ice type, it is neutral to Normal, Water, Electric, Grass, Poison, Ground, Flying, Psychic, Bug, Ghost, Dragon, Dark, and Fairy. All of these types do not have any obviously apparent way of affecting an Ice type that would change its physical or molecular structure, especially when considering that we're dealing with a type that is centered around temperature rather than specifically frozen water, which I believe is the most common misconception about this particular type. With these neutrality making a relative large amount of sense, I don't believe much detail is needed here (as with most of the conditions of neutrality against a type), so lets go ahead and move on into the resistance, only one (which from a competitive standpoint is slightly depressing) which is it's own type, Ice. This same type resistance is, as with Water, Fire, and Electric, a collective based resistance. When you take something that is very cold and meant to stay very cold, adding more cold to it is just going to keep it as is and possibly build upon its current state, without any changes that would deprive it of its naturally cold state. A completely logical resistance that can easily be understood.
Ice has four main weaknesses, and here's where things get kind of weird and must be looked at and thought about carefully. The four weaknesses of Ice types are, Fire, Fight, Rock, and Steel. Fire is a rather simple one, ignoring the simple fact that we know that Fire can melt Ice, we also should take note that the two type differences are exact opposites in relation to temperatures, with the addition of heat into a confined space, we eradicate cold in the process, and to remove heat from the situation would allow the cold to progressively return, but it is not until the source of heat is removed that the space may return to being cold, this makes heat the offensive element in this situation, which allows the obvious typing in case it's not easily understood from plain logic. Fight type is one of the awkward weaknesses that we would need to think about just a little more carefully. When an object is super cooled, its molecular structure begins to slow down and compact, the cooling of a particle slows down its ability to move, most solid structures still have a relative motion on a molecular structure which allows the moving particles to create a solid structure that would more or less require an effort in order to break or shatter. When an object is super cooled and the particles are moving much slower than normal if at all, the object becomes more brittle and breakable due to the particles not being able to retain their normal molecular movement, this allows the particles to come apart easier and be separated from one another with less effort. In other words... very cold objects become naturally much more brittle which means less force is required to destroy them. The Fight type is all about breaking things with physical interaction, so being able to use a fighting technique in order to split in half a giant block of Ice is not really all that strange. The Fight type weakness thus makes much sense to me. Rock and Steel as a weakness, I am combining their explanation because I believe they are weaknesses to Ice for more or less the same reasons. Rock and Steel both have capabilities of both withstanding Ice as well as containing Ice within a confined space, and on top of that, it might be a bit of a stretch, but an object that were to be super cooled would probably shatter upon being struck by a strong solid object such as something made of Rock or metal. On that condition, as what was explained with the Fight type weakness, I feel that all of Ice's weaknesses are covered pretty well and make a pretty good amount of sense for this particular type.

Fight:

Spoiler:

Ah, finally one of the really controversial types that is being heavily discussed within the thread, I promised I would cover all types in logic in a relatively thorough fashion, but Fight is one of the types that people seem to be in an uproar over understanding. So the first thing I would like to explain is the representation of this type, because I have noticed a lot of people mention that Fight type is supposed to be a type category focused around things such as "Heroism" or specifically "Martial Arts" and even that it is the pokemon representation of "Goodness". I disagree with all three of these ideas and believe they are overgeneralized misconceptions about the Fight type. The first thing that bugs me about common misconceptions within pokemon, is the idea that there are representations of "Good" and "Evil" within pokemon. Pokemon are basically Animals on a different planet, they're instinctual and have no proper understanding of human designed abstract concepts such as "Good" and "Evil". Yes, pokemon have shown to understand emotions and the processes of complex thoughts and ideas (which includes pokemon that can read human minds, understand human emotions, and even show complicated thought processes that are "human like"), but it all comes down to survival and instinct, fight or flight. Even Mewtwo which was represented as a villainous character within most of the pokemon background stories, is merely acting on instinct and emotion, he does not grasp the concept of evil or good, since all he does is out of survival and and self preservation. As far as I'm convinced, "Good" and "Evil" do not and can not exist within the mentality of pokemon. Due to my belief that those two human concepts could not possibly exist within the realm of pokemon, you would think that the type chart for Fight type would be near impossible to explain, but I actually always believed it made perfect sense and I will now explain why. Fight type has always been a type that represents "Active Aggression". Pokemon that are found within the Fight type have been pokemon that are naturally aggressive and have builds and personalities built around being an aggressive species of pokemon, this neither defines it as being hostile nor benevolent, it just explains that the pokemon in question is genetically built for outwardly being aggressive, whether that be in a style that is geared towards self defense or just being straight forward hostile towards others. Fight typed pokemon are more focused around personal self improvement which can either be related towards their physical upkeep, or sometimes even geared towards improvement and training within their own mentality. It is unfair to attempt defining a Fight type pokemon as being "Good" or "Heroic", it is unfair due to the implications it leaves on all the other pokemon. What is there to be said about "Umbreon" as a Dark type who are well known to evolve through love and show hostility towards anything that may threaten their owner, or what of "Gardevoir" that are known to become extremely attached to their owners and can understand hostile feelings from benevolent intentions? Then on top of that, where does "Primeape" the extremely short tempered and extremely hostile pokemon, sit on the scale of the "Good" and "Heroic"? Fight type pokemon are merely a pokemon that specializes in aggressive thought processes, honing ones body and mind for the purpose of damaging another pokemon's body and/or mind, all of this with a very straight forward mentality of face to face aggression and combat, while ignoring things such as underhanded tactics or the usage of complicated techniques. So with that explained lets move into the type chart justification. Starting of course with Neutrality. Normal, Fire, Water, Electric, Grass, Ice, Fight, Poison, Ground, Ghost, Dragon, Steel; so one of the main things that I think should be pointed out about the number of neutral types that affect Fight, is that they have a good chance against the "Elements", in other words they can play against and deal with the types that would be within their environment. Fight type pokemon have more or less an equal footing against pokemon that would be physically within their grasp. Pokemon that are mostly known to be close to the ground or otherwise present themselves as pokemon that are bound by the "natural" physics of the pokemon world, tend to be the better targets for a Fight type, this is actually really important to help distinguish against the Fight type resistances and weaknesses as well as the attention to the fact that it can not harm Ghost pokemon. Fight type is resistant to, Bug, Rock, and Dark. In my opinion, out of the three resistances, Bug is almost the hardest to explain of the three. My understanding towards the Bug resistance is the concept of "frailty" versus "toughness" which actually sets Bug and Fight type up as an interesting conflict of types. I actually believe an important aspect of the Bug type (which I will cover more when I get to the explanation of logic within Bug type) is how generally weak they are, Bug types mainly being very weak in both power and stats, as weird as this may sound, is not that "Game Freak" hates Bug type, but because an aspect of playing with a Bug type is understanding that the type as a whole is supposed to represent a weaker class of pokemon. Bugs get squashed, they are often victims to their own environments, but they are also very common, have the tendency to have high populations, and can live in a large variety of environments depending on what kind of bug they represent. Fight type is the representation "Active Aggression" and is also a symbol of raw power within the game, with the weaker power level group being the Bug type, it would be safe to assume, that with a toughened up Fight type pokemon that is capable of dealing with most physical types in a neutral fashion, it would make perfect sense that a Fight type would most likely not feel that small bug bite and would just brush it off and proceed to squash the small bug with little to no effort. The Rock type resistance is another instance of understanding the toughness and endurance held within a fight type pokemon. To be a fighter and then beaten over the head with a rock, and then not affected in any fashion is a true test of physical fortitude, and thus makes a whole lot of sense for the type of pokemon that is all about honing one's physical prowess and skill. The Dark type resistance. Dark is another type I'm excited to go over within these explanations, as well as its interactions with other typings. So many things I want to say about the Dark type, but I must wait until I actually get to that particular type explanation. So here is what I will say about it as Fight resistance. Fight and Dark is not meant to represent a battle or sense of conflict between "Good" and "Evil", as I said previously, pokemon are animals that can not grasp human abstract concepts such as "Good" and "Evil". The conflict between Fight and Dark is relative to the style and mentality of both types. Fight type is a representation of straight forward "Active Aggression", they battle in a face to face mentality, where everything is on the level and a winner is determined by physical prowess and power. Dark type is the opposite in this sense, Dark prefers to play in an "underhanded" fashion. The Dark type relies on tricks and sneakiness, a Dark type would never fight another pokemon face to face if they can get away with it. A Dark type would find comfort in winning through deception or cheating, this does not make a Dark type "Evil", it shows that a Dark type would rather be clever instead of dead. A Fight type does not give way to underhanded tactics, it views physical combat as a proving ground, and it will defeat clever tricks with raw unmitigated power. You can fight a Fight type on a battleground, put it on equal footing and you will have a chance to defeat it, but you're not going to stop a Fight type by using tactics that are designed to trick a pokemon for more damage in combat. The Fight type can defend itself well enough and would know how to protect itself against a pokemon that would use trickery to strike at its weak points. This is how i understand most of the interaction between these two types, but i will go over more in the Dark type section.
As for Fight types weaknesses, which include, Flying, Psychic, and Fairy, these make a lot of sense based on what is within Fight types grasp physically. As I mentioned with the neutrality before, Fight type is comfortable fighting against types that are within equal physical footing. The trouble however begins with what is outside of Fight types physical limitations, literally. Flying has the advantage of being able to leave the ground and stay airborne for a long period of time, choosing to strike from the air at will, and the sky is an environment that is completely limited to the Fight types range of capabilities. Flying type can easily target and catch a Fight type off guard as well as avoid a large variety of Fight type damage while being airborne simply because of Fight type's inability to reach for a pokemon with wings. The Flying type survives and thrives in an environment and style of combat that most Fight types can never truly understand completely. As for Psychic, we enter into an even deeper lack of understanding for the Fight type. The Fight type does not understand the non-physical nor does it understand power that does not relate to physical manipulation, and an even more intimidating aspect is Fighting type can not grasp the concept of magic. Psychic is all about the improvement of abstract power within the mind, it is focused around a combination of outsmarting it's opponents as well as manipulating various states of mind in order to simulate pain or cause brain damage. This concept of power is completely impossible for a Fight type to be capable of understanding since it is not manipulable physically. When looking at Fairy type, we have the same concept except from a slightly different perspective. Fairy type, in my understanding, is the type that personifies Magic within the pokemon world. Fight types can not even begin to understand Magic, it's a power that is not obtainable in their minds, they only understand what is physically right in front of them, whether it be physically improving themselves, or physically destroying another pokemon. Magic is just some powerful unpredictable and impossible to understand force that doesn't follow the laws of nature. It's the lack of understanding of power outside of the physically manipulative that creates the weaknesses against a Fight type pokemon, such as the Psychic and Fairy type. I believe that this understanding clears up most misconceptions about the Fight type as well as continues to justify how the typing chart was designed from a logical point of view, and going over the Fight type in this fashion seemed relatively important as well since it really is hard to define what a Fight type pokemon was meant to represent based on the little amount of actual aesthetic background information we have access to for the entire type chart design.

...to be continued with the rest of the type chart. This huge explanation I'm writing requires a lot of thinking and detail and it's taking up multiple hours at a time for me to write each explanation for each type. I'm currently working on writing up poison.

 

[Hikamaru]

To answer your question on some of these type matchups:

Fairy being super-effective on Fighting is because magical powers are said to overcome brute force. Magical powers can also defeat evil which explains the advantage against Dark-types, and the total advantage over Dragon connects to how most stories depict magic overcoming dragons and other huge monsters.

Bug, Dark and Ghost's strength on Psychic-types is based on typical phobias, and fear is said to manipulate the mind, which Psychic-type Pokemon are heavily based around.

As for why Fighting is weak to Psychic? Brains beat brawn, that's why.

Dark's weakness to Fighting is based on the fact that the former represents those who play dirty and rely on sneaky tricks, and that loses out against refined and honorable martial prowess, which Fighting-types are.

 

[KorpiklaaniVodka]

I don't get why Dragon and Fighting aren't super effective against Fairy. They should cancel themselves out.

 

[Udders]

Because dragons are viewed as the villains in most cases, the destructive monsters that wreak havoc. So, fairies, being creatures of the light are strong and beat the bad dragons.

Fighting doesn't make sense being SE on fairy either since its pretty much the same way with psychic. Fighting Pokemon may be viewed as honorable, courageous heroes that fight darkness and spread justice, but they fight in close range. They are experts of the martial arts so they need to come close to you to beat you. Since Fairies are magical beings they can easily use their mystical magic and destroy fighters from a distance. Same with psychics with their telekinetic powers.


Although fairies may also be seen as creatures that are neither good and holy nor evil. Instead, they spread malice and trouble to both sides. Thats why they are SE on both dark(evil) and fighting (good, justice). They disrupt both and they know how to beat them.

 

[KorpiklaaniVodka]

Because dragons are viewed as the villains in most cases, the destructive monsters that wreak havoc. So, fairies, being creatures of the light are strong and beat the bad dragons.

Fighting doesn't make sense being SE on fairy either since its pretty much the same way with psychic. Fighting Pokemon may be viewed as honorable, courageous heroes that fight darkness and spread justice, but they fight in close range. They are experts of the martial arts so they need to come close to you to beat you. Since Fairies are magical beings they can easily use their mystical magic and destroy fighters from a distance. Same with psychics with their telekinetic powers.


Although fairies may also be seen as creatures that are neither good and holy nor evil. Instead, they spread malice and trouble to both sides. Thats why they are SE on both dark(evil) and fighting (good, justice). They disrupt both and they know how to beat them.

and yet fighting is super effective against ice ???? that type also uses some sort of ranged magical powers (ice beam, blizzard, hail). fairies are generally frail creatures, so i fail to see why would they resist fighting-type attacks.

of course, some fighting-types have other means of destroying fairies (gunk shot, iron head, boosted attacks), so i'm not necessarily complaining.

 

[Udders]

The point is that fairies are magical, elusive beings. One theory why fighting fails to damage fairy is because fighters fear fairies due to their mystical and magical nature. They are ethereal creatures that fighters have a hard time dealing with because they can use magic to overcome their brute strength. It's kinda psychological because they fear them and they won't attack with full power for fear of retaliation. Besides, Fighters are intelligent and kinda human like so its only logical for fear to affect them in such a way. Psychics are intelligent too but they don't fear fairies because they can use their psychic powers to confront them.

Fairies being strong against dragons is a matter of magic and good vs evil again. Fairies beat the bad dragons with magical powers. Kinda like that.

 

[JJ Styles]

When certain creatures are so masculine, little sissy things like fairy bubbles and kisses are their kryptonite.

 

[Simon Science]

My personal explenation for some type weaknesses:
Psychic's weaknesses are based on common Phobias. For a more material explanation, psychic types cannot use their powers if they are scared. the phobias are:Fear of bugs,Fear of darkness and fear of the supernatural.

Dark types DO NOT represent demonic beings. Just look at pangoro, all of its pokedex entries notify how it stands up for justice. Look at hypno: its a child kidnapper, and its not dark type. Dark type literally IS darkness. Its immune to psychic because mental powers dont work if you cant see. If sight was not required to use psychic powers, moves like flash, sand attack and other sight effecting moves would not affect their accuracy. But they do. Dark is weak to bug because bugs are annoying. Literrally bugs prevent dark from developping thouths full of darkness because they annoy them so mutch.This also explains why bug is nor weak to nor resists dark. It can still be affected by darkness, because bugs can see.

Ghost is weak to dark because ghosts hide in darkness. Dark types thus can affect them easaly. Because ghosts live in the dark they can still hit dark types, but dark still resists them as they manipulate the darkness they reside in, weakening their attack. Ghosts are still affected by psychic powers even if they are supernatural beings, but being immaterial lets them be immune to normal and fighting.

 

[Orithan]

Dark is literally the "Evil" type in Japan, which is reflected here through their moves and abilities. Literally the only move they get that directly relates to darkness is Night Gaze and that is Zoroark's signature move - everything else they get specializes in dealing pain or otherwise being cruel to the opponent. Ghost, which gets most of the shadow-based attacks, covers Shadow far more than what Dark does.